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· Adullam columnRetail FDIOfficial

Four layers of retail FDI at a glance

Summary

Wholesale 100% (B2B only), single-brand retail 100% (30% sourcing above 51%), multi-brand 51% with government approval, e-commerce marketplace only at 100%.

Key points
  • Wholesale: group-company sales ≤ 25%
  • SBRT: online first → store within 2 years
  • MBRT: US$100M and state approval
What it means for Korean companiesWhich layer you sit in should be decided together with the entity's shareholding and business objects.

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Four layers of retail FDI at a glance · Adullam Commerce & Marketing